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Kingdoms & polities · pre-1822 and continuing

Kwi Nyon and the Grebo town council

The layered civic government of the Grebo towns: age-grades, a council of elders, a war-headman and a ritual high priest.

Biography

A Grebo town was governed by an assembly of adult men organised into age-grades (sedibo, the fighting grade, and its seniors), presided over by the wodo baa or headman and advised by a council of elders. Above them stood the Bodio, a ritual officer hedged with prohibitions who embodied the town's covenant with its land.

Decisions required consensus reached in open palaver, sometimes over days. Executive power was deliberately weak; ritual and moral authority were strong.

Historical significance

A functioning republican constitution on the Liberian coast, older than the one written at Monrovia in 1847 and entirely independent of it.

Timeline

  1. pre-1822Age-grade government established in the Grebo towns
  2. 1834Encountered by the Maryland settlers at Cape Palmas
  3. 1968Analysed in detail by Jane Martin

On the map

Associated with Cape Palmas. Open the historical atlas.

Related entries

References

  • Martin, Jane J. (1968). The Dual Legacy.
  • Moran, Mary H. (2006). Liberia: The Violence of Democracy.

Suggested reading

  • Moran (2006), ch. 2.